PostgreSQL

This part is about extending the server functionality with user-defined functions, data types, triggers, etc. These are advanced topics which should probably be approached only after all the other user documentation about PostgreSQL has been understood. Later chapters in this part describe the server-side programming languages available in the PostgreSQL distribution as well as general issues concerning server-side programming languages. It is essential to read at least the earlier sections of Chapter 38 (covering functions) before diving into the material about server-side programming languages.

Table of Contents

38. Extending SQL

38.1. How Extensibility Works

38.2. The PostgreSQL Type System

38.3. User-Defined Functions

38.4. User-Defined Procedures

38.5. Query Language (SQL) Functions

38.6. Function Overloading

38.7. Function Volatility Categories

38.8. Procedural Language Functions

38.9. Internal Functions

38.10. C-Language Functions

38.11. Function Optimization Information

38.12. User-Defined Aggregates

38.13. User-Defined Types

38.14. User-Defined Operators

38.15. Operator Optimization Information

38.16. Interfacing Extensions to Indexes

38.17. Packaging Related Objects into an Extension

38.18. Extension Building Infrastructure

39. Triggers

39.1. Overview of Trigger Behavior

39.2. Visibility of Data Changes

39.3. Writing Trigger Functions in C

39.4. A Complete Trigger Example

40. Event Triggers

40.1. Overview of Event Trigger Behavior

40.2. Event Trigger Firing Matrix

40.3. Writing Event Trigger Functions in C

40.4. A Complete Event Trigger Example

40.5. A Table Rewrite Event Trigger Example

41. The Rule System

41.1. The Query Tree

41.2. Views and the Rule System

41.3. Materialized Views

41.4. Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE

41.5. Rules and Privileges

41.6. Rules and Command Status

41.7. Rules Versus Triggers

42. Procedural Languages

42.1. Installing Procedural Languages

43. PL/pgSQL — SQL Procedural Language

43.1. Overview

43.2. Structure of PL/pgSQL

43.3. Declarations

43.4. Expressions

43.5. Basic Statements

43.6. Control Structures

43.7. Cursors

43.8. Transaction Management

43.9. Errors and Messages

43.10. Trigger Functions

43.11. PL/pgSQL under the Hood

43.12. Tips for Developing in PL/pgSQL

43.13. Porting from Oracle PL/SQL

44. PL/Tcl — Tcl Procedural Language

44.1. Overview

44.2. PL/Tcl Functions and Arguments

44.3. Data Values in PL/Tcl

44.4. Global Data in PL/Tcl

44.5. Database Access from PL/Tcl

44.6. Trigger Functions in PL/Tcl

44.7. Event Trigger Functions in PL/Tcl

44.8. Error Handling in PL/Tcl

44.9. Explicit Subtransactions in PL/Tcl

44.10. Transaction Management

44.11. PL/Tcl Configuration

44.12. Tcl Procedure Names

45. PL/Perl — Perl Procedural Language

45.1. PL/Perl Functions and Arguments

45.2. Data Values in PL/Perl

45.3. Built-in Functions

45.4. Global Values in PL/Perl

45.5. Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl

45.6. PL/Perl Triggers

45.7. PL/Perl Event Triggers

45.8. PL/Perl Under the Hood

46. PL/Python — Python Procedural Language

46.1. Python 2 vs. Python 3

46.2. PL/Python Functions

46.3. Data Values

46.4. Sharing Data

46.5. Anonymous Code Blocks

46.6. Trigger Functions

46.7. Database Access

46.8. Explicit Subtransactions

46.9. Transaction Management

46.10. Utility Functions

46.11. Environment Variables

47. Server Programming Interface

47.1. Interface Functions

47.2. Interface Support Functions

47.3. Memory Management

47.4. Transaction Management

47.5. Visibility of Data Changes

47.6. Examples

48. Background Worker Processes

49. Logical Decoding

49.1. Logical Decoding Examples

49.2. Logical Decoding Concepts

49.3. Streaming Replication Protocol Interface

49.4. Logical Decoding SQL Interface

49.5. System Catalogs Related to Logical Decoding

49.6. Logical Decoding Output Plugins

49.7. Logical Decoding Output Writers

49.8. Synchronous Replication Support for Logical Decoding

49.9. Streaming of Large Transactions for Logical Decoding

49.10. Two-phase Commit Support for Logical Decoding

50. Replication Progress Tracking

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