PostgreSQL

Appendix C. SQL Key Words
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Appendix C. SQL Key Words

Table C.1 lists all tokens that are key words in the SQL standard and in PostgreSQL 16.3. Background information can be found in Section 4.1.1. (For space reasons, only the latest two versions of the SQL standard, and SQL-92 for historical comparison, are included. The differences between those and the other intermediate standard versions are small.)

SQL distinguishes between reserved and non-reserved key words. According to the standard, reserved key words are the only real key words; they are never allowed as identifiers. Non-reserved key words only have a special meaning in particular contexts and can be used as identifiers in other contexts. Most non-reserved key words are actually the names of built-in tables and functions specified by SQL. The concept of non-reserved key words essentially only exists to declare that some predefined meaning is attached to a word in some contexts.

In the PostgreSQL parser, life is a bit more complicated. There are several different classes of tokens ranging from those that can never be used as an identifier to those that have absolutely no special status in the parser, but are considered ordinary identifiers. (The latter is usually the case for functions specified by SQL.) Even reserved key words are not completely reserved in PostgreSQL, but can be used as column labels (for example, SELECT 55 AS CHECK, even though CHECK is a reserved key word).

In Table C.1 in the column for PostgreSQL we classify as “[.quote]#non-reserved”# those key words that are explicitly known to the parser but are allowed as column or table names. Some key words that are otherwise non-reserved cannot be used as function or data type names and are marked accordingly. (Most of these words represent built-in functions or data types with special syntax. The function or type is still available but it cannot be redefined by the user.) Labeled “[.quote]#reserved”# are those tokens that are not allowed as column or table names. Some reserved key words are allowable as names for functions or data types; this is also shown in the table. If not so marked, a reserved key word is only allowed as a column label. A blank entry in this column means that the word is treated as an ordinary identifier by PostgreSQL.

Furthermore, while most key words can be used as “[.quote]#bare”# column labels without writing AS before them (as described in Section 7.3.2), there are a few that require a leading AS to avoid ambiguity. These are marked in the table as “[.quote]#requires AS”#.

As a general rule, if you get spurious parser errors for commands that use any of the listed key words as an identifier, you should try quoting the identifier to see if the problem goes away.

It is important to understand before studying Table C.1 that the fact that a key word is not reserved in PostgreSQL does not mean that the feature related to the word is not implemented. Conversely, the presence of a key word does not indicate the existence of a feature.

Table C.1. SQL Key Words

Key Word PostgreSQL SQL:2023 SQL:2016 SQL-92

Key Word	PostgreSQL	SQL:2023	SQL:2016	SQL-92
`A`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ABORT`	non-reserved
`ABS`		reserved	reserved
`ABSENT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`ABSOLUTE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`ACCESS`	non-reserved
`ACCORDING`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ACOS`		reserved	reserved
`ACTION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`ADA`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`ADD`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`ADMIN`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`AFTER`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`AGGREGATE`	non-reserved
`ALL`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ALLOCATE`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`ALSO`	non-reserved
`ALTER`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ALWAYS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`ANALYSE`	reserved
`ANALYZE`	reserved
`AND`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ANY`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ANY_VALUE`		reserved
`ARE`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`ARRAY`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved
`ARRAY_AGG`		reserved	reserved
`ARRAY_MAX_CARDINALITY`		reserved	reserved
`AS`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ASC`	reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`ASENSITIVE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`ASIN`		reserved	reserved
`ASSERTION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`ASSIGNMENT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`ASYMMETRIC`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`AT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ATAN`		reserved	reserved
`ATOMIC`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`ATTACH`	non-reserved
`ATTRIBUTE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`ATTRIBUTES`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`AUTHORIZATION`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`AVG`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`BACKWARD`	non-reserved
`BASE64`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`BEFORE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`BEGIN`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`BEGIN_FRAME`		reserved	reserved
`BEGIN_PARTITION`		reserved	reserved
`BERNOULLI`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`BETWEEN`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`BIGINT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`BINARY`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`BIT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)			reserved
`BIT_LENGTH`				reserved
`BLOB`		reserved	reserved
`BLOCKED`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`BOM`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`BOOLEAN`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`BOTH`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`BREADTH`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`BTRIM`		reserved
`BY`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`C`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CACHE`	non-reserved
`CALL`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`CALLED`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`CARDINALITY`		reserved	reserved
`CASCADE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`CASCADED`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CASE`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CAST`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CATALOG`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`CATALOG_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CEIL`		reserved	reserved
`CEILING`		reserved	reserved
`CHAIN`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHAINING`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHAR`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CHARACTER`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CHARACTERISTICS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHARACTERS`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHARACTER_LENGTH`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CHAR_LENGTH`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`CHECK`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CHECKPOINT`	non-reserved
`CLASS`	non-reserved
`CLASSIFIER`		reserved	reserved
`CLASS_ORIGIN`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CLOB`		reserved	reserved
`CLOSE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CLUSTER`	non-reserved
`COALESCE`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`COBOL`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COLLATE`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`COLLATION`	reserved (can be function or type)	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`COLLATION_CATALOG`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COLLATION_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COLLATION_SCHEMA`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COLLECT`		reserved	reserved
`COLUMN`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`COLUMNS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COLUMN_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COMMAND_FUNCTION`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`COMMENT`	non-reserved
`COMMENTS`	non-reserved
`COMMIT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`COMMITTED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`COMPRESSION`	non-reserved
`CONCURRENTLY`	reserved (can be function or type)
`CONDITION`		reserved	reserved
`CONDITIONAL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONDITION_NUMBER`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONFIGURATION`	non-reserved
`CONFLICT`	non-reserved
`CONNECT`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`CONNECTION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`CONNECTION_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CONSTRAINTS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`CONSTRAINT_CATALOG`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONSTRUCTOR`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONTAINS`		reserved	reserved
`CONTENT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONTINUE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`CONTROL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`CONVERSION`	non-reserved
`CONVERT`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`COPARTITION`		non-reserved
`COPY`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`CORR`		reserved	reserved
`CORRESPONDING`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`COS`		reserved	reserved
`COSH`		reserved	reserved
`COST`	non-reserved
`COUNT`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`COVAR_POP`		reserved	reserved
`COVAR_SAMP`		reserved	reserved
`CREATE`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CROSS`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CSV`	non-reserved
`CUBE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`CUME_DIST`		reserved	reserved
`CURRENT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_CATALOG`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_DATE`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP`		reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_PATH`		reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_ROLE`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_ROW`		reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_SCHEMA`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_TIME`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE`		reserved	reserved
`CURRENT_USER`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURSOR`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`CURSOR_NAME`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`CYCLE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`DATA`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DATABASE`	non-reserved
`DATALINK`		reserved	reserved
`DATE`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DAY`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DB`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`DEALLOCATE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DEC`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DECFLOAT`		reserved	reserved
`DECIMAL`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DECLARE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DEFAULT`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DEFAULTS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DEFERRABLE`	reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DEFERRED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DEFINE`		reserved	reserved
`DEFINED`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`DEFINER`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DEGREE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`DELETE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DELIMITER`	non-reserved
`DELIMITERS`	non-reserved
`DENSE_RANK`		reserved	reserved
`DEPENDS`	non-reserved
`DEPTH`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DEREF`		reserved	reserved
`DERIVED`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`DESC`	reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DESCRIBE`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`DESCRIPTOR`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DETACH`	non-reserved
`DETERMINISTIC`		reserved	reserved
`DIAGNOSTICS`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DICTIONARY`	non-reserved
`DISABLE`	non-reserved
`DISCARD`	non-reserved
`DISCONNECT`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`DISPATCH`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`DISTINCT`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DLNEWCOPY`		reserved	reserved
`DLPREVIOUSCOPY`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLCOMPLETE`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLCOMPLETEONLY`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLPATH`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLPATHONLY`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLPATHWRITE`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLSCHEME`		reserved	reserved
`DLURLSERVER`		reserved	reserved
`DLVALUE`		reserved	reserved
`DO`	reserved
`DOCUMENT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DOMAIN`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`DOUBLE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DROP`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`DYNAMIC`		reserved	reserved
`DYNAMIC_FUNCTION`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`EACH`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`ELEMENT`		reserved	reserved
`ELSE`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EMPTY`		reserved	reserved
`ENABLE`	non-reserved
`ENCODING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`ENCRYPTED`	non-reserved
`END`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`END-EXEC`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`END_FRAME`		reserved	reserved
`END_PARTITION`		reserved	reserved
`ENFORCED`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ENUM`	non-reserved
`EQUALS`		reserved	reserved
`ERROR`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ESCAPE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EVENT`	non-reserved
`EVERY`		reserved	reserved
`EXCEPT`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EXCEPTION`				reserved
`EXCLUDE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`EXCLUDING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`EXCLUSIVE`	non-reserved
`EXEC`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`EXECUTE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EXISTS`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EXP`		reserved	reserved
`EXPLAIN`	non-reserved
`EXPRESSION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`EXTENSION`	non-reserved
`EXTERNAL`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`EXTRACT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FALSE`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FAMILY`	non-reserved
`FETCH`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FILE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FILTER`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved
`FINAL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FINALIZE`	non-reserved
`FINISH`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FIRST`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`FIRST_VALUE`		reserved	reserved
`FLAG`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FLOAT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FLOOR`		reserved	reserved
`FOLLOWING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`FOR`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FORCE`	non-reserved
`FOREIGN`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FORMAT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`FORTRAN`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`FORWARD`	non-reserved
`FOUND`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`FRAME_ROW`		reserved	reserved
`FREE`		reserved	reserved
`FREEZE`	reserved (can be function or type)
`FROM`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FS`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FULFILL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`FULL`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`FUNCTION`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`FUNCTIONS`	non-reserved
`FUSION`		reserved	reserved
`G`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`GENERAL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`GENERATED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`GET`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`GLOBAL`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`GO`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`GOTO`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`GRANT`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`GRANTED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`GREATEST`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved
`GROUP`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`GROUPING`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`GROUPS`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`HANDLER`	non-reserved
`HAVING`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`HEADER`	non-reserved
`HEX`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`HIERARCHY`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`HOLD`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`HOUR`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ID`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`IDENTITY`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`IF`	non-reserved
`IGNORE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ILIKE`	reserved (can be function or type)
`IMMEDIATE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`IMMEDIATELY`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`IMMUTABLE`	non-reserved
`IMPLEMENTATION`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`IMPLICIT`	non-reserved
`IMPORT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`IN`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INCLUDE`	non-reserved
`INCLUDING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`INCREMENT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`INDENT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`INDEX`	non-reserved
`INDEXES`	non-reserved
`INDICATOR`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`INHERIT`	non-reserved
`INHERITS`	non-reserved
`INITIAL`		reserved	reserved
`INITIALLY`	reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`INLINE`	non-reserved
`INNER`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INOUT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`INPUT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`INSENSITIVE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INSERT`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INSTANCE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`INSTANTIABLE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`INSTEAD`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`INT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INTEGER`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INTEGRITY`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`INTERSECT`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INTERSECTION`		reserved	reserved
`INTERVAL`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INTO`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`INVOKER`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`IS`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ISNULL`	reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`
`ISOLATION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`JOIN`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`JSON`	non-reserved	reserved
`JSON_ARRAY`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`JSON_ARRAYAGG`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`JSON_EXISTS`		reserved	reserved
`JSON_OBJECT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`JSON_OBJECTAGG`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`JSON_QUERY`		reserved	reserved
`JSON_SCALAR`		reserved
`JSON_SERIALIZE`		reserved
`JSON_TABLE`		reserved	reserved
`JSON_TABLE_PRIMITIVE`		reserved	reserved
`JSON_VALUE`		reserved	reserved
`K`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`KEEP`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`KEY`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`KEYS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`KEY_MEMBER`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`KEY_TYPE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`LABEL`	non-reserved
`LAG`		reserved	reserved
`LANGUAGE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LARGE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`LAST`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`LAST_VALUE`		reserved	reserved
`LATERAL`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LEAD`		reserved	reserved
`LEADING`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LEAKPROOF`	non-reserved
`LEAST`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved
`LEFT`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LENGTH`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`LEVEL`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`LIBRARY`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`LIKE`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LIKE_REGEX`		reserved	reserved
`LIMIT`	reserved, requires `AS`	non-reserved	non-reserved
`LINK`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`LISTAGG`		reserved	reserved
`LISTEN`	non-reserved
`LN`		reserved	reserved
`LOAD`	non-reserved
`LOCAL`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LOCALTIME`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LOCALTIMESTAMP`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`LOCATION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`LOCATOR`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`LOCK`	non-reserved
`LOCKED`	non-reserved
`LOG`		reserved	reserved
`LOG10`		reserved	reserved
`LOGGED`	non-reserved
`LOWER`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`LPAD`		reserved
`LTRIM`		reserved
`M`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`MAP`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`MAPPING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MATCH`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`MATCHED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MATCHES`		reserved	reserved
`MATCH_NUMBER`		reserved	reserved
`MATCH_RECOGNIZE`		reserved	reserved
`MATERIALIZED`	non-reserved
`MAX`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`MAXVALUE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MEASURES`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`MEMBER`		reserved	reserved
`MERGE`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`MESSAGE_LENGTH`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MESSAGE_TEXT`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`METHOD`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`MIN`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`MINUTE`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`MINVALUE`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MOD`		reserved	reserved
`MODE`	non-reserved
`MODIFIES`		reserved	reserved
`MODULE`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`MONTH`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`MORE`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`MOVE`	non-reserved
`MULTISET`		reserved	reserved
`MUMPS`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NAME`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NAMES`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`NAMESPACE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`NATIONAL`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NATURAL`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NCHAR`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NCLOB`		reserved	reserved
`NESTED`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`NESTING`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`NEW`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`NEXT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`NFC`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NFD`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NFKC`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NFKD`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NIL`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`NO`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NONE`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`NORMALIZE`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`NORMALIZED`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NOT`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NOTHING`	non-reserved
`NOTIFY`	non-reserved
`NOTNULL`	reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`
`NOWAIT`	non-reserved
`NTH_VALUE`		reserved	reserved
`NTILE`		reserved	reserved
`NULL`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NULLABLE`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NULLIF`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`NULLS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NULL_ORDERING`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`NUMBER`		non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`NUMERIC`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`OBJECT`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`OCCURRENCE`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`OCCURRENCES_REGEX`		reserved	reserved
`OCTETS`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`OCTET_LENGTH`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`OF`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`OFF`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`OFFSET`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved
`OIDS`	non-reserved
`OLD`	non-reserved	reserved	reserved
`OMIT`		reserved	reserved
`ON`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ONE`		reserved	reserved
`ONLY`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`OPEN`		reserved	reserved	reserved
`OPERATOR`	non-reserved
`OPTION`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`OPTIONS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`OR`	reserved	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ORDER`	reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`ORDERING`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`ORDINALITY`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`OTHERS`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved
`OUT`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`OUTER`	reserved (can be function or type)	reserved	reserved	reserved
`OUTPUT`		non-reserved	non-reserved	reserved
`OVER`	non-reserved, requires `AS`	reserved	reserved
`OVERFLOW`		non-reserved	non-reserved
`OVERLAPS`	reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`	reserved	reserved	reserved
`OVERLAY`	non-reserved (cannot be function or type)	reserved	reserved
`OVERRIDING`	non-reserved	non-reserved	non-reserved

A

non-reserved

ABORT

non-reserved

ABS

reserved

ABSENT

non-reserved

reserved

ABSOLUTE

non-reserved

reserved

ACCESS

non-reserved

ACCORDING

non-reserved

ACOS

reserved

ACTION

non-reserved

reserved

ADA

non-reserved

ADD

non-reserved

reserved

ADMIN

non-reserved

AFTER

non-reserved

AGGREGATE

non-reserved

ALL

reserved

ALLOCATE

reserved

ALSO

non-reserved

ALTER

non-reserved

reserved

ALWAYS

non-reserved

ANALYSE

reserved

ANALYZE

reserved

AND

reserved

ANY

reserved

ANY_VALUE

reserved

ARE

reserved

ARRAY

reserved, requires AS

reserved

ARRAY_AGG

reserved

ARRAY_MAX_CARDINALITY

reserved

AS

reserved, requires AS

reserved

ASC

reserved

non-reserved

reserved

ASENSITIVE

non-reserved

reserved

ASIN

reserved

ASSERTION

non-reserved

reserved

ASSIGNMENT

non-reserved

ASYMMETRIC

reserved

AT

non-reserved

reserved

ATAN

reserved

ATOMIC

non-reserved

reserved

ATTACH

non-reserved

ATTRIBUTE

non-reserved

ATTRIBUTES

non-reserved

AUTHORIZATION

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

AVG

reserved

BACKWARD

non-reserved

BASE64

non-reserved

BEFORE

non-reserved

BEGIN

non-reserved

reserved

BEGIN_FRAME

reserved

BEGIN_PARTITION

reserved

BERNOULLI

non-reserved

BETWEEN

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

BIGINT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

BINARY

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

BIT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

BIT_LENGTH

reserved

BLOB

reserved

BLOCKED

non-reserved

BOM

non-reserved

BOOLEAN

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

BOTH

reserved

BREADTH

non-reserved

BTRIM

reserved

BY

non-reserved

reserved

C

non-reserved

CACHE

non-reserved

CALL

non-reserved

reserved

CALLED

non-reserved

reserved

CARDINALITY

reserved

CASCADE

non-reserved

reserved

CASCADED

non-reserved

reserved

CASE

reserved

CAST

reserved

CATALOG

non-reserved

reserved

CATALOG_NAME

non-reserved

CEIL

reserved

CEILING

reserved

CHAIN

non-reserved

CHAINING

non-reserved

CHAR

non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS

reserved

CHARACTER

non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS

reserved

CHARACTERISTICS

non-reserved

CHARACTERS

non-reserved

CHARACTER_LENGTH

reserved

CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG

non-reserved

CHARACTER_SET_NAME

non-reserved

CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA

non-reserved

CHAR_LENGTH

reserved

CHECK

reserved

CHECKPOINT

non-reserved

CLASS

non-reserved

CLASSIFIER

reserved

CLASS_ORIGIN

non-reserved

CLOB

reserved

CLOSE

non-reserved

reserved

CLUSTER

non-reserved

COALESCE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

COBOL

non-reserved

COLLATE

reserved

COLLATION

reserved (can be function or type)

non-reserved

reserved

COLLATION_CATALOG

non-reserved

COLLATION_NAME

non-reserved

COLLATION_SCHEMA

non-reserved

COLLECT

reserved

COLUMN

reserved

COLUMNS

non-reserved

COLUMN_NAME

non-reserved

COMMAND_FUNCTION

non-reserved

COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE

non-reserved

COMMENT

non-reserved

COMMENTS

non-reserved

COMMIT

non-reserved

reserved

COMMITTED

non-reserved

COMPRESSION

non-reserved

CONCURRENTLY

reserved (can be function or type)

CONDITION

reserved

CONDITIONAL

non-reserved

CONDITION_NUMBER

non-reserved

CONFIGURATION

non-reserved

CONFLICT

non-reserved

CONNECT

reserved

CONNECTION

non-reserved

reserved

CONNECTION_NAME

non-reserved

CONSTRAINT

reserved

CONSTRAINTS

non-reserved

reserved

CONSTRAINT_CATALOG

non-reserved

CONSTRAINT_NAME

non-reserved

CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

non-reserved

CONSTRUCTOR

non-reserved

CONTAINS

reserved

CONTENT

non-reserved

CONTINUE

non-reserved

reserved

CONTROL

non-reserved

CONVERSION

non-reserved

CONVERT

reserved

COPARTITION

non-reserved

COPY

non-reserved

reserved

CORR

reserved

CORRESPONDING

reserved

COS

reserved

COSH

reserved

COST

non-reserved

COUNT

reserved

COVAR_POP

reserved

COVAR_SAMP

reserved

CREATE

reserved, requires AS

reserved

CROSS

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

CSV

non-reserved

CUBE

non-reserved

reserved

CUME_DIST

reserved

CURRENT

non-reserved

reserved

CURRENT_CATALOG

reserved

CURRENT_DATE

reserved

CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP

reserved

CURRENT_PATH

reserved

CURRENT_ROLE

reserved

CURRENT_ROW

reserved

CURRENT_SCHEMA

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

CURRENT_TIME

reserved

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

reserved

CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE

reserved

CURRENT_USER

reserved

CURSOR

non-reserved

reserved

CURSOR_NAME

non-reserved

CYCLE

non-reserved

reserved

DATA

non-reserved

DATABASE

non-reserved

DATALINK

reserved

DATE

reserved

DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE

non-reserved

DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION

non-reserved

DAY

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

DB

non-reserved

DEALLOCATE

non-reserved

reserved

DEC

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

DECFLOAT

reserved

DECIMAL

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

DECLARE

non-reserved

reserved

DEFAULT

reserved

DEFAULTS

non-reserved

DEFERRABLE

reserved

non-reserved

reserved

DEFERRED

non-reserved

reserved

DEFINE

reserved

DEFINED

non-reserved

DEFINER

non-reserved

DEGREE

non-reserved

DELETE

non-reserved

reserved

DELIMITER

non-reserved

DELIMITERS

non-reserved

DENSE_RANK

reserved

DEPENDS

non-reserved

DEPTH

non-reserved

DEREF

reserved

DERIVED

non-reserved

DESC

reserved

non-reserved

reserved

DESCRIBE

reserved

DESCRIPTOR

non-reserved

reserved

DETACH

non-reserved

DETERMINISTIC

reserved

DIAGNOSTICS

non-reserved

reserved

DICTIONARY

non-reserved

DISABLE

non-reserved

DISCARD

non-reserved

DISCONNECT

reserved

DISPATCH

non-reserved

DISTINCT

reserved

DLNEWCOPY

reserved

DLPREVIOUSCOPY

reserved

DLURLCOMPLETE

reserved

DLURLCOMPLETEONLY

reserved

DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE

reserved

DLURLPATH

reserved

DLURLPATHONLY

reserved

DLURLPATHWRITE

reserved

DLURLSCHEME

reserved

DLURLSERVER

reserved

DLVALUE

reserved

DO

reserved

DOCUMENT

non-reserved

DOMAIN

non-reserved

reserved

DOUBLE

non-reserved

reserved

DROP

non-reserved

reserved

DYNAMIC

reserved

DYNAMIC_FUNCTION

non-reserved

DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE

non-reserved

EACH

non-reserved

reserved

ELEMENT

reserved

ELSE

reserved

EMPTY

reserved

ENABLE

non-reserved

ENCODING

non-reserved

ENCRYPTED

non-reserved

END

reserved

END-EXEC

reserved

END_FRAME

reserved

END_PARTITION

reserved

ENFORCED

non-reserved

ENUM

non-reserved

EQUALS

reserved

ERROR

non-reserved

ESCAPE

non-reserved

reserved

EVENT

non-reserved

EVERY

reserved

EXCEPT

reserved, requires AS

reserved

EXCEPTION

reserved

EXCLUDE

non-reserved

EXCLUDING

non-reserved

EXCLUSIVE

non-reserved

EXEC

reserved

EXECUTE

non-reserved

reserved

EXISTS

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

EXP

reserved

EXPLAIN

non-reserved

EXPRESSION

non-reserved

EXTENSION

non-reserved

EXTERNAL

non-reserved

reserved

EXTRACT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

FALSE

reserved

FAMILY

non-reserved

FETCH

reserved, requires AS

reserved

FILE

non-reserved

FILTER

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

FINAL

non-reserved

FINALIZE

non-reserved

FINISH

non-reserved

FIRST

non-reserved

reserved

FIRST_VALUE

reserved

FLAG

non-reserved

FLOAT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

FLOOR

reserved

FOLLOWING

non-reserved

FOR

reserved, requires AS

reserved

FORCE

non-reserved

FOREIGN

reserved

FORMAT

non-reserved

FORTRAN

non-reserved

FORWARD

non-reserved

FOUND

non-reserved

reserved

FRAME_ROW

reserved

FREE

reserved

FREEZE

reserved (can be function or type)

FROM

reserved, requires AS

reserved

FS

non-reserved

FULFILL

non-reserved

FULL

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

FUNCTION

non-reserved

reserved

FUNCTIONS

non-reserved

FUSION

reserved

G

non-reserved

GENERAL

non-reserved

GENERATED

non-reserved

GET

reserved

GLOBAL

non-reserved

reserved

GO

non-reserved

reserved

GOTO

non-reserved

reserved

GRANT

reserved, requires AS

reserved

GRANTED

non-reserved

GREATEST

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

GROUP

reserved, requires AS

reserved

GROUPING

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

GROUPS

non-reserved

reserved

HANDLER

non-reserved

HAVING

reserved, requires AS

reserved

HEADER

non-reserved

HEX

non-reserved

HIERARCHY

non-reserved

HOLD

non-reserved

reserved

HOUR

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

ID

non-reserved

IDENTITY

non-reserved

reserved

IF

non-reserved

IGNORE

non-reserved

ILIKE

reserved (can be function or type)

IMMEDIATE

non-reserved

reserved

IMMEDIATELY

non-reserved

IMMUTABLE

non-reserved

IMPLEMENTATION

non-reserved

IMPLICIT

non-reserved

IMPORT

non-reserved

reserved

IN

reserved

INCLUDE

non-reserved

INCLUDING

non-reserved

INCREMENT

non-reserved

INDENT

non-reserved

INDEX

non-reserved

INDEXES

non-reserved

INDICATOR

reserved

INHERIT

non-reserved

INHERITS

non-reserved

INITIAL

reserved

INITIALLY

reserved

non-reserved

reserved

INLINE

non-reserved

INNER

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

INOUT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

INPUT

non-reserved

reserved

INSENSITIVE

non-reserved

reserved

INSERT

non-reserved

reserved

INSTANCE

non-reserved

INSTANTIABLE

non-reserved

INSTEAD

non-reserved

INT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

INTEGER

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

INTEGRITY

non-reserved

INTERSECT

reserved, requires AS

reserved

INTERSECTION

reserved

INTERVAL

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

INTO

reserved, requires AS

reserved

INVOKER

non-reserved

IS

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

ISNULL

reserved (can be function or type), requires AS

ISOLATION

non-reserved

reserved

JOIN

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

JSON

non-reserved

reserved

JSON_ARRAY

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

JSON_ARRAYAGG

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

JSON_EXISTS

reserved

JSON_OBJECT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

JSON_OBJECTAGG

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

JSON_QUERY

reserved

JSON_SCALAR

reserved

JSON_SERIALIZE

reserved

JSON_TABLE

reserved

JSON_TABLE_PRIMITIVE

reserved

JSON_VALUE

reserved

K

non-reserved

KEEP

non-reserved

KEY

non-reserved

reserved

KEYS

non-reserved

KEY_MEMBER

non-reserved

KEY_TYPE

non-reserved

LABEL

non-reserved

LAG

reserved

LANGUAGE

non-reserved

reserved

LARGE

non-reserved

reserved

LAST

non-reserved

reserved

LAST_VALUE

reserved

LATERAL

reserved

LEAD

reserved

LEADING

reserved

LEAKPROOF

non-reserved

LEAST

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

LEFT

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

LENGTH

non-reserved

LEVEL

non-reserved

reserved

LIBRARY

non-reserved

LIKE

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

LIKE_REGEX

reserved

LIMIT

reserved, requires AS

non-reserved

LINK

non-reserved

LISTAGG

reserved

LISTEN

non-reserved

LN

reserved

LOAD

non-reserved

LOCAL

non-reserved

reserved

LOCALTIME

reserved

LOCALTIMESTAMP

reserved

LOCATION

non-reserved

LOCATOR

non-reserved

LOCK

non-reserved

LOCKED

non-reserved

LOG

reserved

LOG10

reserved

LOGGED

non-reserved

LOWER

reserved

LPAD

reserved

LTRIM

reserved

M

non-reserved

MAP

non-reserved

MAPPING

non-reserved

MATCH

non-reserved

reserved

MATCHED

non-reserved

MATCHES

reserved

MATCH_NUMBER

reserved

MATCH_RECOGNIZE

reserved

MATERIALIZED

non-reserved

MAX

reserved

MAXVALUE

non-reserved

MEASURES

non-reserved

MEMBER

reserved

MERGE

non-reserved

reserved

MESSAGE_LENGTH

non-reserved

MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH

non-reserved

MESSAGE_TEXT

non-reserved

METHOD

non-reserved

reserved

MIN

reserved

MINUTE

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

MINVALUE

non-reserved

MOD

reserved

MODE

non-reserved

MODIFIES

reserved

MODULE

reserved

MONTH

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

MORE

non-reserved

MOVE

non-reserved

MULTISET

reserved

MUMPS

non-reserved

NAME

non-reserved

NAMES

non-reserved

reserved

NAMESPACE

non-reserved

NATIONAL

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

NATURAL

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

NCHAR

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

NCLOB

reserved

NESTED

non-reserved

NESTING

non-reserved

NEW

non-reserved

reserved

NEXT

non-reserved

reserved

NFC

non-reserved

NFD

non-reserved

NFKC

non-reserved

NFKD

non-reserved

NIL

non-reserved

NO

non-reserved

reserved

NONE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

NORMALIZE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

NORMALIZED

non-reserved

NOT

reserved

NOTHING

non-reserved

NOTIFY

non-reserved

NOTNULL

reserved (can be function or type), requires AS

NOWAIT

non-reserved

NTH_VALUE

reserved

NTILE

reserved

NULL

reserved

NULLABLE

non-reserved

NULLIF

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

NULLS

non-reserved

NULL_ORDERING

non-reserved

NUMBER

non-reserved

NUMERIC

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

OBJECT

non-reserved

OCCURRENCE

non-reserved

OCCURRENCES_REGEX

reserved

OCTETS

non-reserved

OCTET_LENGTH

reserved

OF

non-reserved

reserved

OFF

non-reserved

OFFSET

reserved, requires AS

reserved

OIDS

non-reserved

OLD

non-reserved

reserved

OMIT

reserved

ON

reserved, requires AS

reserved

ONE

reserved

ONLY

reserved

OPEN

reserved

OPERATOR

non-reserved

OPTION

non-reserved

reserved

OPTIONS

non-reserved

OR

reserved

ORDER

reserved, requires AS

reserved

ORDERING

non-reserved

ORDINALITY

non-reserved

OTHERS

non-reserved

OUT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

OUTER

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

OUTPUT

non-reserved

reserved

OVER

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

OVERFLOW

non-reserved

OVERLAPS

reserved (can be function or type), requires AS

reserved

OVERLAY

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

OVERRIDING

non-reserved

OWNED

non-reserved

OWNER

non-reserved

P

non-reserved

PAD

non-reserved

reserved

PARALLEL

non-reserved

PARAMETER

non-reserved

reserved

PARAMETER_MODE

non-reserved

PARAMETER_NAME

non-reserved

PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION

non-reserved

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG

non-reserved

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME

non-reserved

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA

non-reserved

PARSER

non-reserved

PARTIAL

non-reserved

reserved

PARTITION

non-reserved

reserved

PASCAL

non-reserved

PASS

non-reserved

PASSING

non-reserved

PASSTHROUGH

non-reserved

PASSWORD

non-reserved

PAST

non-reserved

PATH

non-reserved

PATTERN

reserved

PER

reserved

PERCENT

reserved

PERCENTILE_CONT

reserved

PERCENTILE_DISC

reserved

PERCENT_RANK

reserved

PERIOD

reserved

PERMISSION

non-reserved

PERMUTE

non-reserved

PIPE

non-reserved

PLACING

reserved

non-reserved

PLAN

non-reserved

PLANS

non-reserved

PLI

non-reserved

POLICY

non-reserved

PORTION

reserved

POSITION

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

POSITION_REGEX

reserved

POWER

reserved

PRECEDES

reserved

PRECEDING

non-reserved

PRECISION

non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS

reserved

PREPARE

non-reserved

reserved

PREPARED

non-reserved

PRESERVE

non-reserved

reserved

PREV

non-reserved

PRIMARY

reserved

PRIOR

non-reserved

reserved

PRIVATE

non-reserved

PRIVILEGES

non-reserved

reserved

PROCEDURAL

non-reserved

PROCEDURE

non-reserved

reserved

PROCEDURES

non-reserved

PROGRAM

non-reserved

PRUNE

non-reserved

PTF

reserved

PUBLIC

non-reserved

reserved

PUBLICATION

non-reserved

QUOTE

non-reserved

QUOTES

non-reserved

RANGE

non-reserved

reserved

RANK

reserved

READ

non-reserved

reserved

READS

reserved

REAL

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

REASSIGN

non-reserved

RECHECK

non-reserved

RECOVERY

non-reserved

RECURSIVE

non-reserved

reserved

REF

non-reserved

reserved

REFERENCES

reserved

REFERENCING

non-reserved

reserved

REFRESH

non-reserved

REGR_AVGX

reserved

REGR_AVGY

reserved

REGR_COUNT

reserved

REGR_INTERCEPT

reserved

REGR_R2

reserved

REGR_SLOPE

reserved

REGR_SXX

reserved

REGR_SXY

reserved

REGR_SYY

reserved

REINDEX

non-reserved

RELATIVE

non-reserved

reserved

RELEASE

non-reserved

reserved

RENAME

non-reserved

REPEATABLE

non-reserved

REPLACE

non-reserved

REPLICA

non-reserved

REQUIRING

non-reserved

RESET

non-reserved

RESPECT

non-reserved

RESTART

non-reserved

RESTORE

non-reserved

RESTRICT

non-reserved

reserved

RESULT

reserved

RETURN

non-reserved

reserved

RETURNED_CARDINALITY

non-reserved

RETURNED_LENGTH

non-reserved

RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH

non-reserved

RETURNED_SQLSTATE

non-reserved

RETURNING

reserved, requires AS

non-reserved

RETURNS

non-reserved

reserved

REVOKE

non-reserved

reserved

RIGHT

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

ROLE

non-reserved

ROLLBACK

non-reserved

reserved

ROLLUP

non-reserved

reserved

ROUTINE

non-reserved

ROUTINES

non-reserved

ROUTINE_CATALOG

non-reserved

ROUTINE_NAME

non-reserved

ROUTINE_SCHEMA

non-reserved

ROW

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

ROWS

non-reserved

reserved

ROW_COUNT

non-reserved

ROW_NUMBER

reserved

RPAD

reserved

RTRIM

reserved

RULE

non-reserved

RUNNING

reserved

SAVEPOINT

non-reserved

reserved

SCALAR

non-reserved

SCALE

non-reserved

SCHEMA

non-reserved

reserved

SCHEMAS

non-reserved

SCHEMA_NAME

non-reserved

SCOPE

reserved

SCOPE_CATALOG

non-reserved

SCOPE_NAME

non-reserved

SCOPE_SCHEMA

non-reserved

SCROLL

non-reserved

reserved

SEARCH

non-reserved

reserved

SECOND

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

SECTION

non-reserved

reserved

SECURITY

non-reserved

SEEK

reserved

SELECT

reserved

SELECTIVE

non-reserved

SELF

non-reserved

SEMANTICS

non-reserved

SENSITIVE

reserved

SEQUENCE

non-reserved

SEQUENCES

non-reserved

SERIALIZABLE

non-reserved

SERVER

non-reserved

SERVER_NAME

non-reserved

SESSION

non-reserved

reserved

SESSION_USER

reserved

SET

non-reserved

reserved

SETOF

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

SETS

non-reserved

SHARE

non-reserved

SHOW

non-reserved

reserved

SIMILAR

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

SIMPLE

non-reserved

SIN

reserved

SINH

reserved

SIZE

non-reserved

reserved

SKIP

non-reserved

reserved

SMALLINT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

SNAPSHOT

non-reserved

SOME

reserved

SORT_DIRECTION

non-reserved

SOURCE

non-reserved

SPACE

non-reserved

reserved

SPECIFIC

reserved

SPECIFICTYPE

reserved

SPECIFIC_NAME

non-reserved

SQL

non-reserved

reserved

SQLCODE

reserved

SQLERROR

reserved

SQLEXCEPTION

reserved

SQLSTATE

reserved

SQLWARNING

reserved

SQRT

reserved

STABLE

non-reserved

STANDALONE

non-reserved

START

non-reserved

reserved

STATE

non-reserved

STATEMENT

non-reserved

STATIC

reserved

STATISTICS

non-reserved

STDDEV_POP

reserved

STDDEV_SAMP

reserved

STDIN

non-reserved

STDOUT

non-reserved

STORAGE

non-reserved

STORED

non-reserved

STRICT

non-reserved

STRING

non-reserved

STRIP

non-reserved

STRUCTURE

non-reserved

STYLE

non-reserved

SUBCLASS_ORIGIN

non-reserved

SUBMULTISET

reserved

SUBSCRIPTION

non-reserved

SUBSET

reserved

SUBSTRING

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

SUBSTRING_REGEX

reserved

SUCCEEDS

reserved

SUM

reserved

SUPPORT

non-reserved

SYMMETRIC

reserved

SYSID

non-reserved

SYSTEM

non-reserved

reserved

SYSTEM_TIME

reserved

SYSTEM_USER

reserved

T

non-reserved

TABLE

reserved

TABLES

non-reserved

TABLESAMPLE

reserved (can be function or type)

reserved

TABLESPACE

non-reserved

TABLE_NAME

non-reserved

TAN

reserved

TANH

reserved

TEMP

non-reserved

TEMPLATE

non-reserved

TEMPORARY

non-reserved

reserved

TEXT

non-reserved

THEN

reserved

THROUGH

non-reserved

TIES

non-reserved

TIME

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

TIMESTAMP

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

TIMEZONE_HOUR

reserved

TIMEZONE_MINUTE

reserved

TO

reserved, requires AS

reserved

TOKEN

non-reserved

TOP_LEVEL_COUNT

non-reserved

TRAILING

reserved

TRANSACTION

non-reserved

reserved

TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED

non-reserved

TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK

non-reserved

TRANSACTION_ACTIVE

non-reserved

TRANSFORM

non-reserved

TRANSFORMS

non-reserved

TRANSLATE

reserved

TRANSLATE_REGEX

reserved

TRANSLATION

reserved

TREAT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

TRIGGER

non-reserved

reserved

TRIGGER_CATALOG

non-reserved

TRIGGER_NAME

non-reserved

TRIGGER_SCHEMA

non-reserved

TRIM

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

TRIM_ARRAY

reserved

TRUE

reserved

TRUNCATE

non-reserved

reserved

TRUSTED

non-reserved

TYPE

non-reserved

TYPES

non-reserved

UESCAPE

non-reserved

reserved

UNBOUNDED

non-reserved

UNCOMMITTED

non-reserved

UNCONDITIONAL

non-reserved

UNDER

non-reserved

UNENCRYPTED

non-reserved

UNION

reserved, requires AS

reserved

UNIQUE

reserved

UNKNOWN

non-reserved

reserved

UNLINK

non-reserved

UNLISTEN

non-reserved

UNLOGGED

non-reserved

UNMATCHED

non-reserved

UNNAMED

non-reserved

UNNEST

reserved

UNTIL

non-reserved

UNTYPED

non-reserved

UPDATE

non-reserved

reserved

UPPER

reserved

URI

non-reserved

USAGE

non-reserved

reserved

USER

reserved

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG

non-reserved

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE

non-reserved

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME

non-reserved

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA

non-reserved

USING

reserved

UTF16

non-reserved

UTF32

non-reserved

UTF8

non-reserved

VACUUM

non-reserved

VALID

non-reserved

VALIDATE

non-reserved

VALIDATOR

non-reserved

VALUE

non-reserved

reserved

VALUES

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

VALUE_OF

reserved

VARBINARY

reserved

VARCHAR

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

VARIADIC

reserved

VARYING

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

VAR_POP

reserved

VAR_SAMP

reserved

VERBOSE

reserved (can be function or type)

VERSION

non-reserved

VERSIONING

reserved

VIEW

non-reserved

reserved

VIEWS

non-reserved

VOLATILE

non-reserved

WHEN

reserved

WHENEVER

reserved

WHERE

reserved, requires AS

reserved

WHITESPACE

non-reserved

WIDTH_BUCKET

reserved

WINDOW

reserved, requires AS

reserved

WITH

reserved, requires AS

reserved

WITHIN

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

WITHOUT

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

WORK

non-reserved

reserved

WRAPPER

non-reserved

WRITE

non-reserved

reserved

XML

non-reserved

reserved

XMLAGG

reserved

XMLATTRIBUTES

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLBINARY

reserved

XMLCAST

reserved

XMLCOMMENT

reserved

XMLCONCAT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLDECLARATION

non-reserved

XMLDOCUMENT

reserved

XMLELEMENT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLEXISTS

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLFOREST

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLITERATE

reserved

XMLNAMESPACES

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLPARSE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLPI

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLQUERY

reserved

XMLROOT

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

XMLSCHEMA

non-reserved

XMLSERIALIZE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLTABLE

non-reserved (cannot be function or type)

reserved

XMLTEXT

reserved

XMLVALIDATE

reserved

YEAR

non-reserved, requires AS

reserved

YES

non-reserved

ZONE

non-reserved

reserved

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B.7. Julian Dates	Home	Appendix D. SQL Conformance

B.7. Julian Dates

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Appendix D. SQL Conformance

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